ABSTRACT
For all, 2020 was beyond extra ordinary. While at the start of 2020 much of the world was transfixed on Donald Trump and the upcoming 2020 presidential election in the United States, a virus began emerging in China. In the early months of 2020, the term's coronavirus or COVID-19, would become too familiar and by March 2020 as the world faced the first major Pandemic since the Spanish Flu outbreak in 1918. In the U.S., the reactions and beliefs about the ferocity of the virus and the mitigation strategies to halt the spread became deeply entangled in the nation's already highly partisan political divides. This chapter will focus on the impacts of COVID-19 on the 2020 presidential election. Specifically, this chapter will provide a temporal and spatial representation of COVID-19 on the 2020 election cycle from the presidential primaries, to the presidential campaigns, the November 3, 2020 election, and ending with the January 20, 2021 inauguration of newly elected President Joe Biden. It was clear, after the election distinct spatial patterns between COVID-19 rates and partisan preference were identifiable. In general, higher rates of COVID-19 correlated with higher support for Donald Trump. Maps and statistical analyses complement the investigation of a uniquely intertwined political geography between the spread of COVID-19 and American electoral politics. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.
ABSTRACT
The author of the article analyzes the determinants of cross-border cooperation between Mexico and the United States in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The federal and local governments' approaches of these countries are compared, as well as civil society organizations to address the socio-economic problems that have arisen on the US-Mexico border during the period 2020-2021. The study's separate issue is a comparative analysis of the migration policy across the Mexican border carried out by D. Trump and J. Biden's administrations in the context of a pandemic. This situation showed the unavailability and inefficiency of the measures used for cross-border interaction. In fact, in the cities on the Mexican border with a significant concentration of Mexican and Latin American migrants from neighboring countries was created a situation close to a humanitarian catastrophe. The article's author concludes that the United States discriminated against Latinos during the pandemic on the US-Mexican border, both in the matter of accusing them of spreading the virus and creating obstacles to their migration to American territory. © 2022. Iberoamerica (Russian Federation). All Rights Reserved.
ABSTRACT
It is clear that we are facing a tipping point in global politics, climate change and social justice. Much has been trumpeted under the banner of the 'Green New Deal'. Billy Fleming, the Wilks Family Director of the Ian L McHarg Center at the Weitzman School of Design, University of Pennsylvania, describes the history and various approaches encompassed within this ubiquitous epithet and how designers can get involved.